Data accompanying manuscript Gilbert et al. 'Distemper, extinction and vaccination of the Amur tiger'. The data consists of eleven files. Users are recommended to contact Martin Gilbert (Cornell University, m.gilbert@cornell.edu) for additional contextual information to aid in interpretation of these data. File contents are summarised as follows: 1) Virus neutralization (VN) titers for large carnivores sampled from 1992 to 2014 in Primorskii Krai study areas Land of the Leopard National Park (LLNP), Sikhote-Alin Biosphere Zapovednik (SABZ) and non-study areas. Details of individual animals include age (in months, or not recorded NR), and sex (male – M, female – F, or unknown – U). Virus neutralization titres against the Onderstepoort strain of canine distemper virus (conducted in Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Pulman WA) are reported with negative samples (Neg) reflecting a titre lower than 1:4. *Cytotoxicity prevented assessment of neutralization at higher concentrations than the titre indicated. 2) Virus neutralization (VN) titers for mesocarnivores sampled from 2005 to 2014 in Primorskii Krai study areas Land of the Leopard National Park (LLNP), Lazovskii (LAZO) and Sikhote-Alin Biosphere Zapovednik (SABZ). Details of individual animals include age (juvenile – JV, subadult – SA, adult – AD, old – OD, unknown – U), and sex (male – M, female – F, or unknown – U). Virus neutralization titres against the Bussell strain of canine distemper virus (conducted in Veterinary Diagnostic Services, Glasgow University, Scotland) are reported with negative samples (Neg) reflecting a titre lower than 1:8. 3) Virus neutralization (VN) titers for unvaccinated dogs sampled from 2012 to 2014 in Primorskii Krai study areas Land of the Leopard National Park (LLNP), Lazovskii (LAZO) and Sikhote-Alin Biosphere Zapovednik (SABZ). Details of individual dogs include age (in months), gender (male – M, female – F, or unknown – U), whether owners reported dogs as guard dogs, pet dogs, hunting dogs or dogs whether they were taken to forested areas (yes – Y, no – N, or unknown – U), source (local – L, non-local – NL, unknown – U). Virus neutralization titres against the Bussell strain of canine distemper virus (conducted in Veterinary Diagnostic Services, Glasgow University, Scotland) are reported with negative samples (Neg) reflecting a titre lower than 1:8. 4) Neutralizing antibody titers of seven tigers vaccinated with the modified live vaccine Nobivac DP (Merck, Kenilworth, NJ, USA) as assessed using vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) pseudotypes bearing the hemagglutinin (H) and fusion (F) proteins of the Russian CDV strain (KX708722). Each serum sample was diluted serially from 1:31 to 1:65,536. Titer was estimated by predicting the point at which luciferase counts had been reduced to 90% of the negative (no serum) control using the INDEX and MATCH functions in Excel. Methods for preparation of pseudotypes described in full in accompanying manuscript. 5) Amur tiger population viability model incorporating epidemiological SVIRD model for canine distemper virus (CDV, susceptible, vaccinated, infected, recovered and dead) written in the object-oriented programming language Ruby version 2.3.0. Model codes for vaccination scenario: 'Annual strategy' in which two tigers are vaccinated against CDV annually. Described in full in accompanying manuscript. 6) Amur tiger population viability model incorporating epidemiological SVIRD model for canine distemper virus (CDV, susceptible, vaccinated, infected, recovered and dead) written in the object-oriented programming language Ruby version 2.3.0. Model codes for vaccination scenario: 'Reactive strategy' in which two tigers are vaccinated against CDV only when a CDV outbreak is detected. Described in full in accompanying manuscript. 7) Amur tiger population viability model incorporating epidemiological SVIRD model for canine distemper virus (CDV, susceptible, vaccinated, infected, recovered and dead) written in the object-oriented programming language Ruby version 2.3.0. Model codes for control scenario: 'Control (without CDV)', which does not include vaccination. Described in full in accompanying manuscript. 8) Amur tiger population viability model incorporating epidemiological SVIRD model for canine distemper virus (CDV, susceptible, vaccinated, infected, recovered and dead) written in the object-oriented programming language Ruby version 2.3.0. Model codes for control scenario: 'Control (with CDV)', which does not include vaccination. Described in full in accompanying manuscript. 9) Household questionnaire data gathered during anonymised interviews in study areas Leopard National Park (LLNP), Lazovskii (LAZO) and Sikhote-Alin Biosphere Zapovednik (SABZ). Data includes settlement name, the number of people currently residing in the household and the number of dogs living on the premises. 10) Household questionnaire data gathered during anonymised interviews in the city of Ussuriysk. Data includes name of settlement where interviewee resides, the number of people currently residing in their household and the number of dogs living on the premises. 11) Ethical approval letter issued following review by the Wildlife Conservation Society, Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, Bronx, NY.